System.Reflection.Primitives Defines the valid calling conventions for a method. Specifies that either the Standard or the VarArgs calling convention may be used. Specifies that the signature is a function-pointer signature, representing a call to an instance or virtual method (not a static method). If ExplicitThis is set, HasThis must also be set. The first argument passed to the called method is still a this pointer, but the type of the first argument is now unknown. Therefore, a token that describes the type (or class) of the this pointer is explicitly stored into its metadata signature. Specifies an instance or virtual method (not a static method). At run-time, the called method is passed a pointer to the target object as its first argument (the this pointer). The signature stored in metadata does not include the type of this first argument, because the method is known and its owner class can be discovered from metadata. Specifies the default calling convention as determined by the common language runtime. Use this calling convention for static methods. For instance or virtual methods use HasThis. Specifies the calling convention for methods with variable arguments. Specifies the attributes of an event. Specifies that the event has no attributes. Specifies that the common language runtime should check name encoding. Specifies that the event is special in a way described by the name. Specifies flags that describe the attributes of a field. Specifies that the field is accessible throughout the assembly. Specifies that the field is accessible only by subtypes in this assembly. Specifies that the field is accessible only by type and subtypes. Specifies that the field is accessible by subtypes anywhere, as well as throughout this assembly. Specifies the access level of a given field. Specifies that the field has a default value. Specifies that the field has marshaling information. Specifies that the field has a relative virtual address (RVA). The RVA is the location of the method body in the current image, as an address relative to the start of the image file in which it is located. Specifies that the field is initialized only, and can be set only in the body of a constructor. Specifies that the field's value is a compile-time (static or early bound) constant. Any attempt to set it throws a . Specifies that the field does not have to be serialized when the type is remoted. Reserved for future use. Specifies that the field is accessible only by the parent type. Specifies that the field cannot be referenced. Specifies that the field is accessible by any member for whom this scope is visible. Specifies that the common language runtime (metadata internal APIs) should check the name encoding. Specifies a special method, with the name describing how the method is special. Specifies that the field represents the defined type, or else it is per-instance. Describes the constraints on a generic type parameter of a generic type or method. The generic type parameter is contravariant. A contravariant type parameter can appear as a parameter type in method signatures. The generic type parameter is covariant. A covariant type parameter can appear as the result type of a method, the type of a read-only field, a declared base type, or an implemented interface. A type can be substituted for the generic type parameter only if it has a parameterless constructor. There are no special flags. A type can be substituted for the generic type parameter only if it is a value type and is not nullable. A type can be substituted for the generic type parameter only if it is a reference type. Selects the combination of all special constraint flags. This value is the result of using logical OR to combine the following flags: , , and . Selects the combination of all variance flags. This value is the result of using logical OR to combine the following flags: and . Specifies flags for method attributes. These flags are defined in the corhdr.h file. Indicates that the class does not provide an implementation of this method. Indicates that the method is accessible to any class of this assembly. Indicates that the method can only be overridden when it is also accessible. Indicates that the method is accessible to members of this type and its derived types that are in this assembly only. Indicates that the method is accessible only to members of this class and its derived classes. Indicates that the method is accessible to derived classes anywhere, as well as to any class in the assembly. Indicates that the method cannot be overridden. Indicates that the method has security associated with it. Reserved flag for runtime use only. Indicates that the method hides by name and signature; otherwise, by name only. Retrieves accessibility information. Indicates that the method always gets a new slot in the vtable. Indicates that the method implementation is forwarded through PInvoke (Platform Invocation Services). Indicates that the method is accessible only to the current class. Indicates that the member cannot be referenced. Indicates that the method is accessible to any object for which this object is in scope. Indicates that the method calls another method containing security code. Reserved flag for runtime use only. Indicates that the method will reuse an existing slot in the vtable. This is the default behavior. Indicates that the common language runtime checks the name encoding. Indicates that the method is special. The name describes how this method is special. Indicates that the method is defined on the type; otherwise, it is defined per instance. Indicates that the managed method is exported by thunk to unmanaged code. Indicates that the method is virtual. Retrieves vtable attributes. Specifies flags for the attributes of a method implementation. Specifies that the method should be inlined wherever possible. Specifies flags about code type. Specifies that the method is not defined. Specifies that the method implementation is in Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL). Specifies an internal call. Specifies that the method is implemented in managed code. Specifies whether the method is implemented in managed or unmanaged code. Specifies that the method implementation is native. Specifies that the method cannot be inlined. Specifies that the method is not optimized by the just-in-time (JIT) compiler or by native code generation (see Ngen.exe) when debugging possible code generation problems. Specifies that the method implementation is in Optimized Intermediate Language (OPTIL). Specifies that the method signature is exported exactly as declared. Specifies that the method implementation is provided by the runtime. Specifies that the method is single-threaded through the body. Static methods (Shared in Visual Basic) lock on the type, whereas instance methods lock on the instance. You can also use the C# lock statement or the Visual Basic SyncLock statement for this purpose. Specifies that the method is implemented in unmanaged code. Defines the attributes that can be associated with a parameter. These are defined in CorHdr.h. Specifies that the parameter has a default value. Specifies that the parameter has field marshaling information. Specifies that the parameter is an input parameter. Specifies that the parameter is a locale identifier (lcid). Specifies that there is no parameter attribute. Specifies that the parameter is optional. Specifies that the parameter is an output parameter. Specifies that the parameter is a return value. Defines the attributes that can be associated with a property. These attribute values are defined in corhdr.h. Specifies that the property has a default value. Specifies that no attributes are associated with a property. Specifies that the metadata internal APIs check the name encoding. Specifies that the property is special, with the name describing how the property is special. Specifies type attributes. Specifies that the type is abstract. LPTSTR is interpreted as ANSI. LPTSTR is interpreted automatically. Specifies that class fields are automatically laid out by the common language runtime. Specifies that calling static methods of the type does not force the system to initialize the type. Specifies that the type is a class. Specifies class semantics information; the current class is contextful (else agile). LPSTR is interpreted by some implementation-specific means, which includes the possibility of throwing a . Not used in the Microsoft implementation of the .NET Framework. Used to retrieve non-standard encoding information for native interop. The meaning of the values of these 2 bits is unspecified. Not used in the Microsoft implementation of the .NET Framework. Specifies that class fields are laid out at the specified offsets. Type has security associate with it. Specifies that the class or interface is imported from another module. Specifies that the type is an interface. Specifies class layout information. Specifies that the class is nested with assembly visibility, and is thus accessible only by methods within its assembly. Specifies that the class is nested with assembly and family visibility, and is thus accessible only by methods lying in the intersection of its family and assembly. Specifies that the class is nested with family visibility, and is thus accessible only by methods within its own type and any derived types. Specifies that the class is nested with family or assembly visibility, and is thus accessible only by methods lying in the union of its family and assembly. Specifies that the class is nested with private visibility. Specifies that the class is nested with public visibility. Specifies that the class is not public. Specifies that the class is public. Runtime should check name encoding. Specifies that the class is concrete and cannot be extended. Specifies that class fields are laid out sequentially, in the order that the fields were emitted to the metadata. Specifies that the class can be serialized. Specifies that the class is special in a way denoted by the name. Used to retrieve string information for native interoperability. LPTSTR is interpreted as UNICODE. Specifies type visibility information. Specifies a Windows Runtime type. Describes how an instruction alters the flow of control. Branch instruction. Break instruction. Call instruction. Conditional branch instruction. Provides information about a subsequent instruction. For example, the Unaligned instruction of Reflection.Emit.Opcodes has FlowControl.Meta and specifies that the subsequent pointer instruction might be unaligned. Normal flow of control. Return instruction. Exception throw instruction. Describes an intermediate language (IL) instruction. Tests whether the given object is equal to this Opcode. true if is an instance of Opcode and is equal to this object; otherwise, false. The object to compare to this object. Indicates whether the current instance is equal to the specified . true if the value of is equal to the value of the current instance; otherwise, false. The to compare to the current instance. The flow control characteristics of the intermediate language (IL) instruction. Read-only. The type of flow control. Returns the generated hash code for this Opcode. Returns the hash code for this instance. The name of the intermediate language (IL) instruction. Read-only. The name of the IL instruction. Indicates whether two structures are equal. true if is equal to ; otherwise, false. The to compare to . The to compare to . Indicates whether two structures are not equal. true if is not equal to ; otherwise, false. The to compare to . The to compare to . The type of intermediate language (IL) instruction. Read-only. The type of intermediate language (IL) instruction. The operand type of an intermediate language (IL) instruction. Read-only. The operand type of an IL instruction. The size of the intermediate language (IL) instruction. Read-only. The size of the IL instruction. How the intermediate language (IL) instruction pops the stack. Read-only. The way the IL instruction pops the stack. How the intermediate language (IL) instruction pushes operand onto the stack. Read-only. The way the IL instruction pushes operand onto the stack. Returns this Opcode as a . Returns a containing the name of this Opcode. Gets the numeric value of the intermediate language (IL) instruction. Read-only. The numeric value of the IL instruction. Provides field representations of the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) instructions for emission by the class members (such as ). Adds two values and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Adds two integers, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Adds two unsigned integer values, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Computes the bitwise AND of two values and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Returns an unmanaged pointer to the argument list of the current method. Transfers control to a target instruction if two values are equal. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if two values are equal. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than or equal to the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than or equal to the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than or equal to the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than or equal to the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than or equal to the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than or equal to the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than the second value. Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values. Transfers control to a target instruction when two unsigned integer values or unordered float values are not equal. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) when two unsigned integer values or unordered float values are not equal. Converts a value type to an object reference (type O). Unconditionally transfers control to a target instruction. Unconditionally transfers control to a target instruction (short form). Signals the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) to inform the debugger that a break point has been tripped. Transfers control to a target instruction if is false, a null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic), or zero. Transfers control to a target instruction if is false, a null reference, or zero. Transfers control to a target instruction if is true, not null, or non-zero. Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if is true, not null, or non-zero. Calls the method indicated by the passed method descriptor. Calls the method indicated on the evaluation stack (as a pointer to an entry point) with arguments described by a calling convention. Calls a late-bound method on an object, pushing the return value onto the evaluation stack. Attempts to cast an object passed by reference to the specified class. Compares two values. If they are equal, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack. Compares two values. If the first value is greater than the second, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack. Compares two unsigned or unordered values. If the first value is greater than the second, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack. Throws if value is not a finite number. Compares two values. If the first value is less than the second, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack. Compares the unsigned or unordered values and . If is less than , then the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack. Constrains the type on which a virtual method call is made. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to native int. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int8, then extends (pads) it to int32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int16, then extends (pads) it to int32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int64. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed native int, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed native int, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int8 and extends it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int8 and extends it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int16 and extending it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int16 and extends it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int64, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int64, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned native int, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned native int, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int8 and extends it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int8 and extends it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int16 and extends it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int16 and extends it to int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int32, throwing on overflow. Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int64, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int64, throwing on overflow. Converts the unsigned integer value on top of the evaluation stack to float32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to float32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to float64. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned native int, and extends it to native int. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int8, and extends it to int32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int16, and extends it to int32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int32, and extends it to int32. Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int64, and extends it to int64. Copies a specified number bytes from a source address to a destination address. Copies the value type located at the address of an object (type &, * or native int) to the address of the destination object (type &, * or native int). Divides two values and pushes the result as a floating-point (type F) or quotient (type int32) onto the evaluation stack. Divides two unsigned integer values and pushes the result (int32) onto the evaluation stack. Copies the current topmost value on the evaluation stack, and then pushes the copy onto the evaluation stack. Transfers control from the filter clause of an exception back to the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) exception handler. Transfers control from the fault or finally clause of an exception block back to the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) exception handler. Initializes a specified block of memory at a specific address to a given size and initial value. Initializes each field of the value type at a specified address to a null reference or a 0 of the appropriate primitive type. Tests whether an object reference (type O) is an instance of a particular class. Exits current method and jumps to specified method. Loads an argument (referenced by a specified index value) onto the stack. Loads the argument at index 0 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the argument at index 1 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the argument at index 2 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the argument at index 3 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the argument (referenced by a specified short form index) onto the evaluation stack. Load an argument address onto the evaluation stack. Load an argument address, in short form, onto the evaluation stack. Pushes a supplied value of type int32 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 0 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 1 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 2 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 3 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 4 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 5 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 6 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 7 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of 8 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the integer value of -1 onto the evaluation stack as an int32. Pushes the supplied int8 value onto the evaluation stack as an int32, short form. Pushes a supplied value of type int64 onto the evaluation stack as an int64. Pushes a supplied value of type float32 onto the evaluation stack as type F (float). Pushes a supplied value of type float64 onto the evaluation stack as type F (float). Loads the element at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as the type specified in the instruction. Loads the element with type native int at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as a native int. Loads the element with type int8 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32. Loads the element with type int16 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32. Loads the element with type int32 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32. Loads the element with type int64 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int64. Loads the element with type float32 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type F (float). Loads the element with type float64 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type F (float). Loads the element containing an object reference at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type O (object reference). Loads the element with type unsigned int8 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32. Loads the element with type unsigned int16 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32. Loads the element with type unsigned int32 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32. Loads the address of the array element at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type & (managed pointer). Finds the value of a field in the object whose reference is currently on the evaluation stack. Finds the address of a field in the object whose reference is currently on the evaluation stack. Pushes an unmanaged pointer (type native int) to the native code implementing a specific method onto the evaluation stack. Loads a value of type native int as a native int onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type int8 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type int16 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type int32 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type int64 as an int64 onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type float32 as a type F (float) onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type float64 as a type F (float) onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads an object reference as a type O (object reference) onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type unsigned int8 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type unsigned int16 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Loads a value of type unsigned int32 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly. Pushes the number of elements of a zero-based, one-dimensional array onto the evaluation stack. Loads the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack. Loads the local variable at index 0 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the local variable at index 1 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the local variable at index 2 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the local variable at index 3 onto the evaluation stack. Loads the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack, short form. Loads the address of the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack. Loads the address of the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack, short form. Pushes a null reference (type O) onto the evaluation stack. Copies the value type object pointed to by an address to the top of the evaluation stack. Pushes the value of a static field onto the evaluation stack. Pushes the address of a static field onto the evaluation stack. Pushes a new object reference to a string literal stored in the metadata. Converts a metadata token to its runtime representation, pushing it onto the evaluation stack. Pushes an unmanaged pointer (type native int) to the native code implementing a particular virtual method associated with a specified object onto the evaluation stack. Exits a protected region of code, unconditionally transferring control to a specific target instruction. Exits a protected region of code, unconditionally transferring control to a target instruction (short form). Allocates a certain number of bytes from the local dynamic memory pool and pushes the address (a transient pointer, type *) of the first allocated byte onto the evaluation stack. Pushes a typed reference to an instance of a specific type onto the evaluation stack. Multiplies two values and pushes the result on the evaluation stack. Multiplies two integer values, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Multiplies two unsigned integer values, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Negates a value and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Pushes an object reference to a new zero-based, one-dimensional array whose elements are of a specific type onto the evaluation stack. Creates a new object or a new instance of a value type, pushing an object reference (type O) onto the evaluation stack. Fills space if opcodes are patched. No meaningful operation is performed although a processing cycle can be consumed. Computes the bitwise complement of the integer value on top of the stack and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack as the same type. Compute the bitwise complement of the two integer values on top of the stack and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Removes the value currently on top of the evaluation stack. This is a reserved instruction. This is a reserved instruction. This is a reserved instruction. This is a reserved instruction. This is a reserved instruction. This is a reserved instruction. This is a reserved instruction. This is a reserved instruction. Specifies that the subsequent array address operation performs no type check at run time, and that it returns a managed pointer whose mutability is restricted. Retrieves the type token embedded in a typed reference. Retrieves the address (type &) embedded in a typed reference. Divides two values and pushes the remainder onto the evaluation stack. Divides two unsigned values and pushes the remainder onto the evaluation stack. Returns from the current method, pushing a return value (if present) from the callee's evaluation stack onto the caller's evaluation stack. Rethrows the current exception. Shifts an integer value to the left (in zeroes) by a specified number of bits, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack. Shifts an integer value (in sign) to the right by a specified number of bits, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack. Shifts an unsigned integer value (in zeroes) to the right by a specified number of bits, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack. Pushes the size, in bytes, of a supplied value type onto the evaluation stack. Stores the value on top of the evaluation stack in the argument slot at a specified index. Stores the value on top of the evaluation stack in the argument slot at a specified index, short form. Replaces the array element at a given index with the value on the evaluation stack, whose type is specified in the instruction. Replaces the array element at a given index with the native int value on the evaluation stack. Replaces the array element at a given index with the int8 value on the evaluation stack. Replaces the array element at a given index with the int16 value on the evaluation stack. Replaces the array element at a given index with the int32 value on the evaluation stack. Replaces the array element at a given index with the int64 value on the evaluation stack. Replaces the array element at a given index with the float32 value on the evaluation stack. Replaces the array element at a given index with the float64 value on the evaluation stack. Replaces the array element at a given index with the object ref value (type O) on the evaluation stack. Replaces the value stored in the field of an object reference or pointer with a new value. Stores a value of type native int at a supplied address. Stores a value of type int8 at a supplied address. Stores a value of type int16 at a supplied address. Stores a value of type int32 at a supplied address. Stores a value of type int64 at a supplied address. Stores a value of type float32 at a supplied address. Stores a value of type float64 at a supplied address. Stores a object reference value at a supplied address. Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in a the local variable list at a specified index. Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in a the local variable list at index 0. Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in a the local variable list at index 1. Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in a the local variable list at index 2. Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in a the local variable list at index 3. Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in a the local variable list at (short form). Copies a value of a specified type from the evaluation stack into a supplied memory address. Replaces the value of a static field with a value from the evaluation stack. Subtracts one value from another and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Subtracts one integer value from another, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Subtracts one unsigned integer value from another, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack. Implements a jump table. Performs a postfixed method call instruction such that the current method's stack frame is removed before the actual call instruction is executed. Returns true or false if the supplied opcode takes a single byte argument. True or false. An instance of an Opcode object. Throws the exception object currently on the evaluation stack. Indicates that an address currently atop the evaluation stack might not be aligned to the natural size of the immediately following ldind, stind, ldfld, stfld, ldobj, stobj, initblk, or cpblk instruction. Converts the boxed representation of a value type to its unboxed form. Converts the boxed representation of a type specified in the instruction to its unboxed form. Specifies that an address currently atop the evaluation stack might be volatile, and the results of reading that location cannot be cached or that multiple stores to that location cannot be suppressed. Computes the bitwise XOR of the top two values on the evaluation stack, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack. Describes the types of the Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) instructions. These are Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) instructions that are used as a synonym for other MSIL instructions. For example, ldarg.0 represents the ldarg instruction with an argument of 0. Describes a reserved Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) instruction. Describes a Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) instruction that applies to objects. Describes a prefix instruction that modifies the behavior of the following instruction. Describes a built-in instruction. Describes the operand type of Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) instruction. The operand is a 32-bit integer branch target. The operand is a 32-bit metadata token. The operand is a 32-bit integer. The operand is a 64-bit integer. The operand is a 32-bit metadata token. No operand. The operand is a 64-bit IEEE floating point number. The operand is a 32-bit metadata signature token. The operand is a 32-bit metadata string token. The operand is the 32-bit integer argument to a switch instruction. The operand is a FieldRef, MethodRef, or TypeRef token. The operand is a 32-bit metadata token. The operand is 16-bit integer containing the ordinal of a local variable or an argument. The operand is an 8-bit integer branch target. The operand is an 8-bit integer. The operand is a 32-bit IEEE floating point number. The operand is an 8-bit integer containing the ordinal of a local variable or an argumenta. Specifies one of two factors that determine the memory alignment of fields when a type is marshaled. The packing size is 1 byte. The packing size is 128 bytes. The packing size is 16 bytes. The packing size is 2 bytes. The packing size is 32 bytes. The packing size is 4 bytes. The packing size is 64 bytes. The packing size is 8 bytes. The packing size is not specified. Describes how values are pushed onto a stack or popped off a stack. No values are popped off the stack. Pops one value off the stack. Pops 1 value off the stack for the first operand, and 1 value of the stack for the second operand. Pops a 32-bit integer off the stack. Pops a 32-bit integer off the stack for the first operand, and a value off the stack for the second operand. Pops a 32-bit integer off the stack for the first operand, and a 32-bit integer off the stack for the second operand. Pops a 32-bit integer off the stack for the first operand, a 32-bit integer off the stack for the second operand, and a 32-bit integer off the stack for the third operand. Pops a 32-bit integer off the stack for the first operand, and a 64-bit integer off the stack for the second operand. Pops a 32-bit integer off the stack for the first operand, and a 32-bit floating point number off the stack for the second operand. Pops a 32-bit integer off the stack for the first operand, and a 64-bit floating point number off the stack for the second operand. Pops a reference off the stack. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, and a value off the stack for the second operand. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, and a 32-bit integer off the stack for the second operand. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, a value off the stack for the second operand, and a 32-bit integer off the stack for the third operand. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, a value off the stack for the second operand, and a value off the stack for the third operand. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, a value off the stack for the second operand, and a 64-bit integer off the stack for the third operand. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, a value off the stack for the second operand, and a 32-bit integer off the stack for the third operand. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, a value off the stack for the second operand, and a 64-bit floating point number off the stack for the third operand. Pops a reference off the stack for the first operand, a value off the stack for the second operand, and a reference off the stack for the third operand. No values are pushed onto the stack. Pushes one value onto the stack. Pushes 1 value onto the stack for the first operand, and 1 value onto the stack for the second operand. Pushes a 32-bit integer onto the stack. Pushes a 64-bit integer onto the stack. Pushes a 32-bit floating point number onto the stack. Pushes a 64-bit floating point number onto the stack. Pushes a reference onto the stack. Pops a variable off the stack. Pushes a variable onto the stack.