System.Runtime.Extensions

Converts base data types to an array of bytes, and an array of bytes to base data types.

2

Converts the specified double-precision floating point number to a 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer whose value is equivalent to . The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified Boolean value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 1. A Boolean value. 1

Returns the specified Unicode character value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 2. A character to convert. 1

Returns the specified double-precision floating point value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 8. The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified 16-bit signed integer value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 2. The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified 32-bit signed integer value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 4. The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified 64-bit signed integer value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 8. The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified single-precision floating point value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 4. The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified 16-bit unsigned integer value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 2. The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified 32-bit unsigned integer value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 4. The number to convert. 1

Returns the specified 64-bit unsigned integer value as an array of bytes.

An array of bytes with length 8. The number to convert. 1

Converts the specified 64-bit signed integer to a double-precision floating point number.

A double-precision floating point number whose value is equivalent to . The number to convert. 1

Indicates the byte order ("endianness") in which data is stored in this computer architecture.

1

Returns a Boolean value converted from one byte at a specified position in a byte array.

true if the byte at in is nonzero; otherwise, false. An array of bytes. The starting position within . is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a Unicode character converted from two bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A character formed by two bytes beginning at . An array. The starting position within . equals the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a double-precision floating point number converted from eight bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A double precision floating point number formed by eight bytes beginning at . An array of bytes. The starting position within . is greater than or equal to the length of minus 7, and is less than or equal to the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a 16-bit signed integer converted from two bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A 16-bit signed integer formed by two bytes beginning at . An array of bytes. The starting position within . equals the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a 32-bit signed integer converted from four bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A 32-bit signed integer formed by four bytes beginning at . An array of bytes. The starting position within . is greater than or equal to the length of minus 3, and is less than or equal to the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a 64-bit signed integer converted from eight bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A 64-bit signed integer formed by eight bytes beginning at . An array of bytes. The starting position within . is greater than or equal to the length of minus 7, and is less than or equal to the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a single-precision floating point number converted from four bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A single-precision floating point number formed by four bytes beginning at . An array of bytes. The starting position within . is greater than or equal to the length of minus 3, and is less than or equal to the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Converts the numeric value of each element of a specified array of bytes to its equivalent hexadecimal string representation.

A string of hexadecimal pairs separated by hyphens, where each pair represents the corresponding element in ; for example, "7F-2C-4A-00". An array of bytes. is null. 1

Converts the numeric value of each element of a specified subarray of bytes to its equivalent hexadecimal string representation.

A string of hexadecimal pairs separated by hyphens, where each pair represents the corresponding element in a subarray of ; for example, "7F-2C-4A-00". An array of bytes. The starting position within . is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Converts the numeric value of each element of a specified subarray of bytes to its equivalent hexadecimal string representation.

A string of hexadecimal pairs separated by hyphens, where each pair represents the corresponding element in a subarray of ; for example, "7F-2C-4A-00". An array of bytes. The starting position within . The number of array elements in to convert. is null. or is less than zero.-or- is greater than zero and is greater than or equal to the length of . The combination of and does not specify a position within ; that is, the parameter is greater than the length of minus the parameter. 1

Returns a 16-bit unsigned integer converted from two bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A 16-bit unsigned integer formed by two bytes beginning at . The array of bytes. The starting position within . equals the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a 32-bit unsigned integer converted from four bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A 32-bit unsigned integer formed by four bytes beginning at . An array of bytes. The starting position within . is greater than or equal to the length of minus 3, and is less than or equal to the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Returns a 64-bit unsigned integer converted from eight bytes at a specified position in a byte array.

A 64-bit unsigned integer formed by the eight bytes beginning at . An array of bytes. The starting position within . is greater than or equal to the length of minus 7, and is less than or equal to the length of minus 1. is null. is less than zero or greater than the length of minus 1. 1

Converts a base data type to another base data type.

1

Returns an object of the specified type and whose value is equivalent to the specified object.

An object whose type is and whose value is equivalent to .-or-A null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic), if is null and is not a value type. An object that implements the interface. The type of object to return. This conversion is not supported. -or- is null and is a value type.-or- does not implement the interface. is not in a format recognized by . represents a number that is out of the range of . is null. 1

Returns an object of the specified type whose value is equivalent to the specified object. A parameter supplies culture-specific formatting information.

An object whose type is and whose value is equivalent to .-or- , if the of and are equal.-or- A null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic), if is null and is not a value type. An object that implements the interface. The type of object to return. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. This conversion is not supported. -or- is null and is a value type.-or- does not implement the interface. is not in a format for recognized by . represents a number that is out of the range of . is null. 1

Returns an object of the specified type whose value is equivalent to the specified object. A parameter supplies culture-specific formatting information.

An object whose underlying type is and whose value is equivalent to .-or- A null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic), if is null and is , , or . An object that implements the interface. The type of object to return. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. This conversion is not supported. -or- is null and specifies a value type.-or- does not implement the interface. is not in a format for the type recognized by . represents a number that is out of the range of the type. is invalid. 1

Converts a subset of a Unicode character array, which encodes binary data as base-64 digits, to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer array. Parameters specify the subset in the input array and the number of elements to convert.

An array of 8-bit unsigned integers equivalent to elements at position in . A Unicode character array. A position within . The number of elements in to convert. is null. or is less than 0.-or- plus indicates a position not within . The length of , ignoring white-space characters, is not zero or a multiple of 4. -or-The format of is invalid. contains a non-base-64 character, more than two padding characters, or a non-white-space character among the padding characters. 1

Converts the specified string, which encodes binary data as base-64 digits, to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer array.

An array of 8-bit unsigned integers that is equivalent to . The string to convert. is null. The length of , ignoring white-space characters, is not zero or a multiple of 4. -or-The format of is invalid. contains a non-base-64 character, more than two padding characters, or a non-white space-character among the padding characters. 1

Returns the for the specified object.

The for , or if is null. An object that implements the interface. 1

Converts a subset of an 8-bit unsigned integer array to an equivalent subset of a Unicode character array encoded with base-64 digits. Parameters specify the subsets as offsets in the input and output arrays, and the number of elements in the input array to convert.

A 32-bit signed integer containing the number of bytes in . An input array of 8-bit unsigned integers. A position within . The number of elements of to convert. An output array of Unicode characters. A position within . or is null. , , or is negative.-or- plus is greater than the length of .-or- plus the number of elements to return is greater than the length of . 1

Converts an array of 8-bit unsigned integers to its equivalent string representation that is encoded with base-64 digits.

The string representation, in base 64, of the contents of . An array of 8-bit unsigned integers. is null. 1

Converts a subset of an array of 8-bit unsigned integers to its equivalent string representation that is encoded with base-64 digits. Parameters specify the subset as an offset in the input array, and the number of elements in the array to convert.

The string representation in base 64 of elements of , starting at position . An array of 8-bit unsigned integers. An offset in . The number of elements of to convert. is null. or is negative.-or- plus is greater than the length of . 1

Returns the specified Boolean value; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The Boolean value to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The number to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 16-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 32-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 64-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of a specified object to an equivalent Boolean value.

true or false, which reflects the value returned by invoking the method for the underlying type of . If is null, the method returns false. An object that implements the interface, or null. is a string that does not equal or . does not implement the interface.-or-The conversion of to a is not supported. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an equivalent Boolean value, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

true or false, which reflects the value returned by invoking the method for the underlying type of . If is null, the method returns false. An object that implements the interface, or null. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is a string that does not equal or . does not implement the interface.-or-The conversion of to a is not supported. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. 1

Converts the specified string representation of a logical value to its Boolean equivalent.

true if equals , or false if equals or null. A string that contains the value of either or . is not equal to or . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a logical value to its Boolean equivalent, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

true if equals , or false if equals or null. A string that contains the value of either or . An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. This parameter is ignored. is not equal to or . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent Boolean value.

true if is not zero; otherwise, false. The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Returns the specified 8-bit unsigned integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The 8-bit unsigned integer to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. represents a number that is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 8-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 8-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in the property format for a value. does not implement . -or-Conversion from to the type is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an 8-bit unsigned integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in the property format for a value. does not implement . -or-Conversion from to the type is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to be converted. is less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 8-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. A single-precision floating-point number. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer, using specified culture-specific formatting information.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 8-bit unsigned integer.

An 8-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. is less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to value, or if is null. An object that implements the interface. is a null string. does not implement the interface.-or-The conversion of to a is not supported. is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to its equivalent Unicode character, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to , or if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is a null string. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion of to a is not supported. is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. is less than . 1

Converts the first character of a specified string to a Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to the first and only character in . A string of length 1. is null. The length of is not 1. 1

Converts the first character of a specified string to a Unicode character, using specified culture-specific formatting information.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to the first and only character in . A string of length 1 or null. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. This parameter is ignored. is null. The length of is not 1. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent Unicode character.

A Unicode character that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a object.

The date and time equivalent of the value of , or a date and time equivalent of if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not a valid date and time value. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a object, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The date and time equivalent of the value of , or the date and time equivalent of if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not a valid date and time value. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. 1

Converts the specified string representation of a date and time to an equivalent date and time value.

The date and time equivalent of the value of , or the date and time equivalent of if is null. The string representation of a date and time. is not a properly formatted date and time string. 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent date and time, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The date and time equivalent of the value of , or the date and time equivalent of if is null. A string that contains a date and time to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not a properly formatted date and time string. 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent decimal number.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent decimal number.

The decimal number that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Returns the specified decimal number; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. A decimal number. 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to , or 0 (zero) if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format for a type. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an equivalent decimal number, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A decimal number that is equivalent to , or 0 (zero) if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format for a type. does not implement the interface.-or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to the equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains a number to convert. is not a number in a valid format. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent decimal number, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A decimal number that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains a number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not a number in a valid format. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent decimal number.

The decimal number that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent decimal number.

A decimal number that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

The double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The decimal number to convert. 1

Returns the specified double-precision floating-point number; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The double-precision floating-point number to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format for a type. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an double-precision floating-point number, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format for a type. does not implement the interface. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

The 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The single-precision floating-point number. 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. is not a number in a valid format. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not a number in a valid format. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 16-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The decimal number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 16-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Returns the specified 16-bit signed integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The 16-bit signed integer to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

The 16-bit signed integer equivalent of . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format for an type. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 16-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format for an type. does not implement . represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 16-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 32-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The decimal number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 32-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Returns the specified 32-bit signed integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The 32-bit signed integer to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 32-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement . represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 32-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 64-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The decimal number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 64-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Returns the specified 64-bit signed integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. A 64-bit signed integer. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 64-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface.-or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 64-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains a number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 8-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The decimal number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 8-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to the equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an 8-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Returns the specified 8-bit signed integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The 8-bit signed integer to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

, rounded to the nearest 8-bit signed integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if value is null. A string that contains the number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is null. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a non-base 10 signed number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than or less than . 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . is rounded using rounding to nearest. For example, when rounded to two decimals, the value 2.345 becomes 2.34 and the value 2.355 becomes 2.36. The decimal number to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . is rounded using rounding to nearest. For example, when rounded to two decimals, the value 2.345 becomes 2.34 and the value 2.355 becomes 2.36. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to an single-precision floating-point number, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement . represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

An 8-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Returns the specified single-precision floating-point number; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The single-precision floating-point number to return. 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. is not a number in a valid format. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not a number in a valid format. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The Boolean value to convert. An instance of an object. This parameter is ignored. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of an 8-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation in a specified base.

The string representation of in base . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. The base of the return value, which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The Unicode character to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The Unicode character to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. This parameter is ignored. 1

Converts the value of the specified to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The date and time value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The date and time value to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The decimal number to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The decimal number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The double-precision floating-point number to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The double-precision floating-point number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of a 16-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation in a specified base.

The string representation of in base . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. The base of the return value, which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of a 32-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation in a specified base.

The string representation of in base . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. The base of the return value, which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of a 64-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation in a specified base.

The string representation of in base . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. The base of the return value, which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of , or if is an object whose value is null. If is null, the method returns null. An object that supplies the value to convert, or null. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to its equivalent string representation using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of , or if is an object whose value is null. If is null, the method returns null. An object that supplies the value to convert, or null. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The single-precision floating-point number to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The single-precision floating-point number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation.

The string representation of . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to its equivalent string representation, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

The string representation of . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

The 16-bit unsigned integer equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 16-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The decimal number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 16-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to the equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 16-bit unsigned integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 16-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a non-base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Returns the specified 16-bit unsigned integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The 16-bit unsigned integer to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 16-bit unsigned integer.

A 16-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 32-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The decimal number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 32-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to the equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or 0 (zero) if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 32-bit unsigned integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 32-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a non-base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Returns the specified 32-bit unsigned integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The 32-bit unsigned integer to return. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 32-bit unsigned integer.

A 32-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit unsigned integer to convert. is greater than . 1

Converts the specified Boolean value to the equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

The number 1 if is true; otherwise, 0. The Boolean value to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified Unicode character to the equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The Unicode character to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified decimal number to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 64-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The decimal number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified double-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 64-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The double-precision floating-point number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit signed integer to the equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit signed integer to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified 64-bit signed integer to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 64-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface, or null. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified object to a 64-bit unsigned integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to , or zero if is null. An object that implements the interface. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. is not in an appropriate format. does not implement the interface. -or-The conversion is not supported. represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 8-bit signed integer to the equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 8-bit signed integer to convert. is less than zero. 1

Converts the value of the specified single-precision floating-point number to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

, rounded to the nearest 64-bit unsigned integer. If is halfway between two whole numbers, the even number is returned; that is, 4.5 is converted to 4, and 5.5 is converted to 6. The single-precision floating-point number to convert. is less than zero or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit signed integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the specified string representation of a number to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer, using the specified culture-specific formatting information.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. An object that supplies culture-specific formatting information. does not consist of an optional sign followed by a sequence of digits (0 through 9). represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the string representation of a number in a specified base to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to the number in , or 0 (zero) if is null. A string that contains the number to convert. The base of the number in , which must be 2, 8, 10, or 16. is not 2, 8, 10, or 16. -or-, which represents a non-base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign. is . contains a character that is not a valid digit in the base specified by . The exception message indicates that there are no digits to convert if the first character in is invalid; otherwise, the message indicates that contains invalid trailing characters. , which represents a non-base 10 unsigned number, is prefixed with a negative sign.-or- represents a number that is less than or greater than . 1

Converts the value of the specified 16-bit unsigned integer to the equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 16-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Converts the value of the specified 32-bit unsigned integer to an equivalent 64-bit unsigned integer.

A 64-bit unsigned integer that is equivalent to . The 32-bit unsigned integer to convert. 1

Returns the specified 64-bit unsigned integer; no actual conversion is performed.

is returned unchanged. The 64-bit unsigned integer to return. 1

Provides information about, and means to manipulate, the current environment and platform. This class cannot be inherited.

1

Gets a unique identifier for the current managed thread.

An integer that represents a unique identifier for this managed thread.

Replaces the name of each environment variable embedded in the specified string with the string equivalent of the value of the variable, then returns the resulting string.

A string with each environment variable replaced by its value. A string containing the names of zero or more environment variables. Each environment variable is quoted with the percent sign character (%). is null. 1

Immediately terminates a process after writing a message to the Windows Application event log, and then includes the message in error reporting to Microsoft.

A message that explains why the process was terminated, or null if no explanation is provided.

Immediately terminates a process after writing a message to the Windows Application event log, and then includes the message and exception information in error reporting to Microsoft.

A message that explains why the process was terminated, or null if no explanation is provided. An exception that represents the error that caused the termination. This is typically the exception in a catch block.

Retrieves the value of an environment variable from the current process.

The value of the environment variable specified by , or null if the environment variable is not found. The name of the environment variable. is null. The caller does not have the required permission to perform this operation. 1

Retrieves all environment variable names and their values from the current process.

A dictionary that contains all environment variable names and their values; otherwise, an empty dictionary if no environment variables are found. The caller does not have the required permission to perform this operation. The buffer is out of memory. 1

Gets a value that indicates whether the current application domain is being unloaded or the common language runtime (CLR) is shutting down.

true if the current application domain is being unloaded or the CLR is shutting down; otherwise, false. 1

Gets the newline string defined for this environment.

A string containing "\r\n" for non-Unix platforms, or a string containing "\n" for Unix platforms. 1

Gets the number of processors on the current machine.

The 32-bit signed integer that specifies the number of processors on the current machine. There is no default. If the current machine contains multiple processor groups, this property returns the number of logical processors that are available for use by the common language runtime (CLR). 1

Creates, modifies, or deletes an environment variable stored in the current process.

The name of an environment variable. A value to assign to . is null. contains a zero-length string, an initial hexadecimal zero character (0x00), or an equal sign ("="). -or-The length of or is greater than or equal to 32,767 characters.-or-An error occurred during the execution of this operation. The caller does not have the required permission to perform this operation. 1

Gets current stack trace information.

A string containing stack trace information. This value can be . The requested stack trace information is out of range. 1

Gets the number of milliseconds elapsed since the system started.

A 32-bit signed integer containing the amount of time in milliseconds that has passed since the last time the computer was started. 1

Provides constants and static methods for trigonometric, logarithmic, and other common mathematical functions.To browse the .NET Framework source code for this type, see the Reference Source.

1

Returns the absolute value of a number.

A decimal number, x, such that 0 ≤ x ≤. A number that is greater than or equal to , but less than or equal to . 1

Returns the absolute value of a double-precision floating-point number.

A double-precision floating-point number, x, such that 0 ≤ x ≤. A number that is greater than or equal to , but less than or equal to . 1

Returns the absolute value of a 16-bit signed integer.

A 16-bit signed integer, x, such that 0 ≤ x ≤. A number that is greater than , but less than or equal to . equals . 1

Returns the absolute value of a 32-bit signed integer.

A 32-bit signed integer, x, such that 0 ≤ x ≤. A number that is greater than , but less than or equal to . equals . 1

Returns the absolute value of a 64-bit signed integer.

A 64-bit signed integer, x, such that 0 ≤ x ≤. A number that is greater than , but less than or equal to . equals . 1

Returns the absolute value of an 8-bit signed integer.

An 8-bit signed integer, x, such that 0 ≤ x ≤. A number that is greater than , but less than or equal to . equals . 1

Returns the absolute value of a single-precision floating-point number.

A single-precision floating-point number, x, such that 0 ≤ x ≤. A number that is greater than or equal to , but less than or equal to . 1

Returns the angle whose cosine is the specified number.

An angle, θ, measured in radians, such that 0 ≤θ≤π-or- if < -1 or > 1 or equals . A number representing a cosine, where must be greater than or equal to -1, but less than or equal to 1. 1

Returns the angle whose sine is the specified number.

An angle, θ, measured in radians, such that -π/2 ≤θ≤π/2 -or- if < -1 or > 1 or equals . A number representing a sine, where must be greater than or equal to -1, but less than or equal to 1. 1

Returns the angle whose tangent is the specified number.

An angle, θ, measured in radians, such that -π/2 ≤θ≤π/2.-or- if equals , -π/2 rounded to double precision (-1.5707963267949) if equals , or π/2 rounded to double precision (1.5707963267949) if equals . A number representing a tangent. 1

Returns the angle whose tangent is the quotient of two specified numbers.

An angle, θ, measured in radians, such that -π≤θ≤π, and tan(θ) = / , where (, ) is a point in the Cartesian plane. Observe the following: For (, ) in quadrant 1, 0 < θ < π/2.For (, ) in quadrant 2, π/2 < θ≤π.For (, ) in quadrant 3, -π < θ < -π/2.For (, ) in quadrant 4, -π/2 < θ < 0.For points on the boundaries of the quadrants, the return value is the following:If y is 0 and x is not negative, θ = 0.If y is 0 and x is negative, θ = π.If y is positive and x is 0, θ = π/2.If y is negative and x is 0, θ = -π/2.If y is 0 and x is 0, θ = 0. If or is , or if and are either or , the method returns . The y coordinate of a point. The x coordinate of a point. 1

Returns the smallest integral value that is greater than or equal to the specified decimal number.

The smallest integral value that is greater than or equal to . Note that this method returns a instead of an integral type. A decimal number. 1

Returns the smallest integral value that is greater than or equal to the specified double-precision floating-point number.

The smallest integral value that is greater than or equal to . If is equal to , , or , that value is returned. Note that this method returns a instead of an integral type. A double-precision floating-point number. 1

Returns the cosine of the specified angle.

The cosine of . If is equal to , , or , this method returns . An angle, measured in radians. 1

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the specified angle.

The hyperbolic cosine of . If is equal to or , is returned. If is equal to , is returned. An angle, measured in radians. 1

Represents the natural logarithmic base, specified by the constant, e.

1

Returns e raised to the specified power.

The number e raised to the power . If equals or , that value is returned. If equals , 0 is returned. A number specifying a power. 1

Returns the largest integer less than or equal to the specified decimal number.

The largest integer less than or equal to . Note that the method returns an integral value of type . A decimal number. 1

Returns the largest integer less than or equal to the specified double-precision floating-point number.

The largest integer less than or equal to . If is equal to , , or , that value is returned. A double-precision floating-point number. 1

Returns the remainder resulting from the division of a specified number by another specified number.

A number equal to - ( Q), where Q is the quotient of / rounded to the nearest integer (if / falls halfway between two integers, the even integer is returned).If - ( Q) is zero, the value +0 is returned if is positive, or -0 if is negative.If = 0, is returned. A dividend. A divisor. 1

Returns the natural (base e) logarithm of a specified number.

One of the values in the following table. parameterReturn value Positive The natural logarithm of ; that is, ln , or log eZero Negative Equal to Equal to The number whose logarithm is to be found. 1

Returns the logarithm of a specified number in a specified base.

One of the values in the following table. (+Infinity denotes , -Infinity denotes , and NaN denotes .)Return value> 0(0 << 1) -or-(> 1)lognewBase(a)< 0(any value)NaN(any value)< 0NaN != 1 = 0NaN != 1 = +InfinityNaN = NaN(any value)NaN(any value) = NaNNaN(any value) = 1NaN = 00 << 1 +Infinity = 0> 1-Infinity = +Infinity0 << 1-Infinity = +Infinity> 1+Infinity = 1 = 00 = 1 = +Infinity0 The number whose logarithm is to be found. The base of the logarithm. 1

Returns the base 10 logarithm of a specified number.

One of the values in the following table. parameter Return value Positive The base 10 log of ; that is, log 10. Zero Negative Equal to Equal to A number whose logarithm is to be found. 1

Returns the larger of two 8-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 8-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 8-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two decimal numbers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two decimal numbers to compare. The second of two decimal numbers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two double-precision floating-point numbers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. If , , or both and are equal to , is returned. The first of two double-precision floating-point numbers to compare. The second of two double-precision floating-point numbers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two 16-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 16-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 16-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two 32-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 32-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 32-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two 64-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 64-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 64-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two 8-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 8-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 8-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two single-precision floating-point numbers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. If , or , or both and are equal to , is returned. The first of two single-precision floating-point numbers to compare. The second of two single-precision floating-point numbers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two 16-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 16-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 16-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two 32-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 32-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 32-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Returns the larger of two 64-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is larger. The first of two 64-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 64-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 8-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 8-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 8-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two decimal numbers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two decimal numbers to compare. The second of two decimal numbers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two double-precision floating-point numbers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. If , , or both and are equal to , is returned. The first of two double-precision floating-point numbers to compare. The second of two double-precision floating-point numbers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 16-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 16-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 16-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 32-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 32-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 32-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 64-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 64-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 64-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 8-bit signed integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 8-bit signed integers to compare. The second of two 8-bit signed integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two single-precision floating-point numbers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. If , , or both and are equal to , is returned. The first of two single-precision floating-point numbers to compare. The second of two single-precision floating-point numbers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 16-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 16-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 16-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 32-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 32-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 32-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Returns the smaller of two 64-bit unsigned integers.

Parameter or , whichever is smaller. The first of two 64-bit unsigned integers to compare. The second of two 64-bit unsigned integers to compare. 1

Represents the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, specified by the constant, π.

1

Returns a specified number raised to the specified power.

The number raised to the power . A double-precision floating-point number to be raised to a power. A double-precision floating-point number that specifies a power. 1

Rounds a decimal value to the nearest integral value.

The integer nearest parameter . If the fractional component of is halfway between two integers, one of which is even and the other odd, the even number is returned. Note that this method returns a instead of an integral type. A decimal number to be rounded. The result is outside the range of a . 1

Rounds a decimal value to a specified number of fractional digits.

The number nearest to that contains a number of fractional digits equal to . A decimal number to be rounded. The number of decimal places in the return value. is less than 0 or greater than 28. The result is outside the range of a . 1

Rounds a decimal value to a specified number of fractional digits. A parameter specifies how to round the value if it is midway between two numbers.

The number nearest to that contains a number of fractional digits equal to . If has fewer fractional digits than , is returned unchanged. A decimal number to be rounded. The number of decimal places in the return value. Specification for how to round if it is midway between two other numbers. is less than 0 or greater than 28. is not a valid value of . The result is outside the range of a . 1

Rounds a decimal value to the nearest integer. A parameter specifies how to round the value if it is midway between two numbers.

The integer nearest . If is halfway between two numbers, one of which is even and the other odd, then determines which of the two is returned. A decimal number to be rounded. Specification for how to round if it is midway between two other numbers. is not a valid value of . The result is outside the range of a . 1

Rounds a double-precision floating-point value to the nearest integral value.

The integer nearest . If the fractional component of is halfway between two integers, one of which is even and the other odd, then the even number is returned. Note that this method returns a instead of an integral type. A double-precision floating-point number to be rounded. 1

Rounds a double-precision floating-point value to a specified number of fractional digits.

The number nearest to that contains a number of fractional digits equal to . A double-precision floating-point number to be rounded. The number of fractional digits in the return value. is less than 0 or greater than 15. 1

Rounds a double-precision floating-point value to a specified number of fractional digits. A parameter specifies how to round the value if it is midway between two numbers.

The number nearest to that has a number of fractional digits equal to . If has fewer fractional digits than , is returned unchanged. A double-precision floating-point number to be rounded. The number of fractional digits in the return value. Specification for how to round if it is midway between two other numbers. is less than 0 or greater than 15. is not a valid value of . 1

Rounds a double-precision floating-point value to the nearest integer. A parameter specifies how to round the value if it is midway between two numbers.

The integer nearest . If is halfway between two integers, one of which is even and the other odd, then determines which of the two is returned. A double-precision floating-point number to be rounded. Specification for how to round if it is midway between two other numbers. is not a valid value of . 1

Returns a value indicating the sign of a decimal number.

A number that indicates the sign of , as shown in the following table.Return value Meaning -1 is less than zero. 0 is equal to zero. 1 is greater than zero. A signed decimal number. 1

Returns a value indicating the sign of a double-precision floating-point number.

A number that indicates the sign of , as shown in the following table.Return value Meaning -1 is less than zero. 0 is equal to zero. 1 is greater than zero. A signed number. is equal to . 1

Returns a value indicating the sign of a 16-bit signed integer.

A number that indicates the sign of , as shown in the following table.Return value Meaning -1 is less than zero. 0 is equal to zero. 1 is greater than zero. A signed number. 1

Returns a value indicating the sign of a 32-bit signed integer.

A number that indicates the sign of , as shown in the following table.Return value Meaning -1 is less than zero. 0 is equal to zero. 1 is greater than zero. A signed number. 1

Returns a value indicating the sign of a 64-bit signed integer.

A number that indicates the sign of , as shown in the following table.Return value Meaning -1 is less than zero. 0 is equal to zero. 1 is greater than zero. A signed number. 1

Returns a value indicating the sign of an 8-bit signed integer.

A number that indicates the sign of , as shown in the following table.Return value Meaning -1 is less than zero. 0 is equal to zero. 1 is greater than zero. A signed number. 1

Returns a value indicating the sign of a single-precision floating-point number.

A number that indicates the sign of , as shown in the following table.Return value Meaning -1 is less than zero. 0 is equal to zero. 1 is greater than zero. A signed number. is equal to . 1

Returns the sine of the specified angle.

The sine of . If is equal to , , or , this method returns . An angle, measured in radians. 1

Returns the hyperbolic sine of the specified angle.

The hyperbolic sine of . If is equal to , , or , this method returns a equal to . An angle, measured in radians. 1

Returns the square root of a specified number.

One of the values in the following table. parameter Return value Zero or positive The positive square root of . Negative Equals Equals The number whose square root is to be found. 1

Returns the tangent of the specified angle.

The tangent of . If is equal to , , or , this method returns . An angle, measured in radians. 1

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the specified angle.

The hyperbolic tangent of . If is equal to , this method returns -1. If value is equal to , this method returns 1. If is equal to , this method returns . An angle, measured in radians. 1

Calculates the integral part of a specified decimal number.

The integral part of ; that is, the number that remains after any fractional digits have been discarded. A number to truncate. 1

Calculates the integral part of a specified double-precision floating-point number.

The integral part of ; that is, the number that remains after any fractional digits have been discarded, or one of the values listed in the following table. Return value A number to truncate. 1

Specifies how mathematical rounding methods should process a number that is midway between two numbers.

1

When a number is halfway between two others, it is rounded toward the nearest number that is away from zero.

When a number is halfway between two others, it is rounded toward the nearest even number.

Provides an that invokes callbacks for each reported progress value.

Specifies the type of the progress report value.

Initializes the object.

Initializes the object with the specified callback.

A handler to invoke for each reported progress value. This handler will be invoked in addition to any delegates registered with the event. Depending on the instance captured by the at construction, it is possible that this handler instance could be invoked concurrently with itself.

Reports a progress change.

The value of the updated progress.

Raised for each reported progress value.

Reports a progress change.

The value of the updated progress.

Represents a pseudo-random number generator, which is a device that produces a sequence of numbers that meet certain statistical requirements for randomness.To browse the .NET Framework source code for this type, see the Reference Source.

1

Initializes a new instance of the class, using a time-dependent default seed value.

Initializes a new instance of the class, using the specified seed value.

A number used to calculate a starting value for the pseudo-random number sequence. If a negative number is specified, the absolute value of the number is used.

Returns a non-negative random integer.

A 32-bit signed integer that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than . 1

Returns a non-negative random integer that is less than the specified maximum.

A 32-bit signed integer that is greater than or equal to 0, and less than ; that is, the range of return values ordinarily includes 0 but not . However, if equals 0, is returned. The exclusive upper bound of the random number to be generated. must be greater than or equal to 0. is less than 0. 1

Returns a random integer that is within a specified range.

A 32-bit signed integer greater than or equal to and less than ; that is, the range of return values includes but not . If equals , is returned. The inclusive lower bound of the random number returned. The exclusive upper bound of the random number returned. must be greater than or equal to . is greater than . 1

Fills the elements of a specified array of bytes with random numbers.

An array of bytes to contain random numbers. is null. 1

Returns a random floating-point number that is greater than or equal to 0.0, and less than 1.0.

A double-precision floating point number that is greater than or equal to 0.0, and less than 1.0. 1

Returns a random floating-point number between 0.0 and 1.0.

A double-precision floating point number that is greater than or equal to 0.0, and less than 1.0.

Represents a string comparison operation that uses specific case and culture-based or ordinal comparison rules.

2

Initializes a new instance of the class.

When overridden in a derived class, compares two strings and returns an indication of their relative sort order.

A signed integer that indicates the relative values of and , as shown in the following table.ValueMeaningLess than zero precedes in the sort order.-or- is null and is not null.Zero is equal to .-or- and are both null. Greater than zero follows in the sort order.-or- is null and is not null. A string to compare to . A string to compare to . 1

Gets a object that performs a case-sensitive string comparison using the word comparison rules of the current culture.

A new object. 1

Gets a object that performs case-insensitive string comparisons using the word comparison rules of the current culture.

A new object. 1

When overridden in a derived class, indicates whether two strings are equal.

true if and refer to the same object, or and are equal, or and are null; otherwise, false. A string to compare to . A string to compare to . 1

When overridden in a derived class, gets the hash code for the specified string.

A 32-bit signed hash code calculated from the value of the parameter. A string. Not enough memory is available to allocate the buffer that is required to compute the hash code. is null. 2

Gets a object that performs a case-sensitive ordinal string comparison.

A object. 1

Gets a object that performs a case-insensitive ordinal string comparison.

A object. 1

Compares two objects and returns a value that indicates whether one is less than, equal to, or greater than the other.

A signed integer that indicates the relative values of and , as shown in the following table.ValueMeaningLess than zero is less than .Zero equals .Greater than zero is greater than . The first object to compare. The second object to compare. Neither nor implements the interface.-or- and are of different types and neither one can handle comparisons with the other.

Determines whether the specified objects are equal.

true if the specified objects are equal; otherwise, false. The first object to compare. The second object to compare. and are of different types, and neither one can handle comparisons with the other.

Returns a hash code for the specified object.

A hash code for the specified object. The object for which a hash code is to be returned. The type of is a reference type and is null.

Provides a custom constructor for uniform resource identifiers (URIs) and modifies URIs for the class.

2

Initializes a new instance of the class.

Initializes a new instance of the class with the specified URI.

A URI string. is null. In the .NET for Windows Store apps or the Portable Class Library, catch the base class exception, , instead. is a zero length string or contains only spaces.-or- The parsing routine detected a scheme in an invalid form.-or- The parser detected more than two consecutive slashes in a URI that does not use the "file" scheme.-or- is not a valid URI.

Initializes a new instance of the class with the specified scheme and host.

An Internet access protocol. A DNS-style domain name or IP address.

Initializes a new instance of the class with the specified scheme, host, and port.

An Internet access protocol. A DNS-style domain name or IP address. An IP port number for the service. is less than -1 or greater than 65,535.

Initializes a new instance of the class with the specified scheme, host, port number, and path.

An Internet access protocol. A DNS-style domain name or IP address. An IP port number for the service. The path to the Internet resource. is less than -1 or greater than 65,535.

Initializes a new instance of the class with the specified scheme, host, port number, path and query string or fragment identifier.

An Internet access protocol. A DNS-style domain name or IP address. An IP port number for the service. The path to the Internet resource. A query string or fragment identifier. is neither null nor , nor does a valid fragment identifier begin with a number sign (#), nor a valid query string begin with a question mark (?). is less than -1 or greater than 65,535.

Initializes a new instance of the class with the specified instance.

An instance of the class. is null.

Compares an existing instance with the contents of the for equality.

true if represents the same as the constructed by this instance; otherwise, false. The object to compare with the current instance. 2

Gets or sets the fragment portion of the URI.

The fragment portion of the URI. The fragment identifier ("#") is added to the beginning of the fragment. 2

Returns the hash code for the URI.

The hash code generated for the URI. 2

Gets or sets the Domain Name System (DNS) host name or IP address of a server.

The DNS host name or IP address of the server. 1

Gets or sets the password associated with the user that accesses the URI.

The password of the user that accesses the URI. 1

Gets or sets the path to the resource referenced by the URI.

The path to the resource referenced by the URI. 1

Gets or sets the port number of the URI.

The port number of the URI. The port cannot be set to a value less than -1 or greater than 65,535. 1

Gets or sets any query information included in the URI.

The query information included in the URI. 1

Gets or sets the scheme name of the URI.

The scheme of the URI. The scheme cannot be set to an invalid scheme name. 1

Returns the display string for the specified instance.

The string that contains the unescaped display string of the . In the .NET for Windows Store apps or the Portable Class Library, catch the base class exception, , instead.The instance has a bad password. 1

Gets the instance constructed by the specified instance.

A that contains the URI constructed by the . In the .NET for Windows Store apps or the Portable Class Library, catch the base class exception, , instead.The URI constructed by the properties is invalid. 1

The user name associated with the user that accesses the URI.

The user name of the user that accesses the URI. 1

Provides a set of methods and properties that you can use to accurately measure elapsed time.To browse the .NET Framework source code for this type, see the Reference Source.

1

Initializes a new instance of the class.

Gets the total elapsed time measured by the current instance.

A read-only representing the total elapsed time measured by the current instance. 1

Gets the total elapsed time measured by the current instance, in milliseconds.

A read-only long integer representing the total number of milliseconds measured by the current instance. 1

Gets the total elapsed time measured by the current instance, in timer ticks.

A read-only long integer representing the total number of timer ticks measured by the current instance. 1

Gets the frequency of the timer as the number of ticks per second. This field is read-only.

1

Gets the current number of ticks in the timer mechanism.

A long integer representing the tick counter value of the underlying timer mechanism. 1

Indicates whether the timer is based on a high-resolution performance counter. This field is read-only.

1

Gets a value indicating whether the timer is running.

true if the instance is currently running and measuring elapsed time for an interval; otherwise, false. 1

Stops time interval measurement and resets the elapsed time to zero.

1

Stops time interval measurement, resets the elapsed time to zero, and starts measuring elapsed time.

Starts, or resumes, measuring elapsed time for an interval.

1

Initializes a new instance, sets the elapsed time property to zero, and starts measuring elapsed time.

A that has just begun measuring elapsed time. 1

Stops measuring elapsed time for an interval.

1

Performs operations on instances that contain file or directory path information. These operations are performed in a cross-platform manner.To browse the .NET Framework source code for this type, see the Reference Source.

1

Provides a platform-specific alternate character used to separate directory levels in a path string that reflects a hierarchical file system organization.

1

Changes the extension of a path string.

The modified path information.On Windows-based desktop platforms, if is null or an empty string (""), the path information is returned unmodified. If is null, the returned string contains the specified path with its extension removed. If has no extension, and is not null, the returned path string contains appended to the end of . The path information to modify. The path cannot contain any of the characters defined in . The new extension (with or without a leading period). Specify null to remove an existing extension from . contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . 1

Combines two strings into a path.

The combined paths. If one of the specified paths is a zero-length string, this method returns the other path. If contains an absolute path, this method returns . The first path to combine. The second path to combine. or contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . or is null. 1

Combines three strings into a path.

The combined paths. The first path to combine. The second path to combine. The third path to combine. , , or contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . , , or is null.

Combines an array of strings into a path.

The combined paths. An array of parts of the path. One of the strings in the array contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . One of the strings in the array is null.

Provides a platform-specific character used to separate directory levels in a path string that reflects a hierarchical file system organization.

1

Returns the directory information for the specified path string.

Directory information for , or null if denotes a root directory or is null. Returns if does not contain directory information. The path of a file or directory. The parameter contains invalid characters, is empty, or contains only white spaces. In the .NET for Windows Store apps or the Portable Class Library, catch the base class exception, , instead.The parameter is longer than the system-defined maximum length. 1

Returns the extension of the specified path string.

The extension of the specified path (including the period "."), or null, or . If is null, returns null. If does not have extension information, returns . The path string from which to get the extension. contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . 1

Returns the file name and extension of the specified path string.

The characters after the last directory character in . If the last character of is a directory or volume separator character, this method returns . If is null, this method returns null. The path string from which to obtain the file name and extension. contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . 1

Returns the file name of the specified path string without the extension.

The string returned by , minus the last period (.) and all characters following it. The path of the file. contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . 1

Returns the absolute path for the specified path string.

The fully qualified location of , such as "C:\MyFile.txt". The file or directory for which to obtain absolute path information. is a zero-length string, contains only white space, or contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in .-or- The system could not retrieve the absolute path. The caller does not have the required permissions. is null. contains a colon (":") that is not part of a volume identifier (for example, "c:\"). The specified path, file name, or both exceed the system-defined maximum length. For example, on Windows-based platforms, paths must be less than 248 characters, and file names must be less than 260 characters. 1

Gets an array containing the characters that are not allowed in file names.

An array containing the characters that are not allowed in file names.

Gets an array containing the characters that are not allowed in path names.

An array containing the characters that are not allowed in path names.

Gets the root directory information of the specified path.

The root directory of , such as "C:\", or null if is null, or an empty string if does not contain root directory information. The path from which to obtain root directory information. contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in .-or- was passed to . 1

Returns a random folder name or file name.

A random folder name or file name.

Creates a uniquely named, zero-byte temporary file on disk and returns the full path of that file.

The full path of the temporary file. An I/O error occurs, such as no unique temporary file name is available.- or -This method was unable to create a temporary file. 1

Returns the path of the current user's temporary folder.

The path to the temporary folder, ending with a backslash. The caller does not have the required permissions. 1

Determines whether a path includes a file name extension.

true if the characters that follow the last directory separator (\\ or /) or volume separator (:) in the path include a period (.) followed by one or more characters; otherwise, false. The path to search for an extension. contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . 1

Gets a value indicating whether the specified path string contains a root.

true if contains a root; otherwise, false. The path to test. contains one or more of the invalid characters defined in . 1

A platform-specific separator character used to separate path strings in environment variables.

1

Provides a platform-specific volume separator character.

1

Provides methods for encoding and decoding URLs when processing Web requests.

Converts a string that has been HTML-encoded for HTTP transmission into a decoded string.

A decoded string. The string to decode.

Converts a string to an HTML-encoded string.

An encoded string. The string to encode.

Converts a string that has been encoded for transmission in a URL into a decoded string.

Returns .A decoded string. A URL-encoded string to decode.

Converts an encoded byte array that has been encoded for transmission in a URL into a decoded byte array.

Returns .A decoded array. A URL-encoded array to decode. The offset, in bytes, from the start of the array to decode. The count, in bytes, to decode from the array.

Converts a text string into a URL-encoded string.

Returns .A URL-encoded string. The text to URL-encode.

Converts a byte array into a URL-encoded byte array.

Returns .An encoded array. The array to URL-encode. The offset, in bytes, from the start of the array to encode. The count, in bytes, to encode from the array.

Represents the name of a version of the .NET Framework.

Initializes a new instance of the class from a string that contains information about a version of the .NET Framework.

A string that contains .NET Framework version information. is .-or- has fewer than two components or more than three components.-or- does not include a major and minor version number.-or-does not include a valid version number. is null.

Initializes a new instance of the class from a string and a object that identify a .NET Framework version.

A string that identifies a .NET Framework version. An object that contains .NET Framework version information. is . is null.-or- is null.

Initializes a new instance of the class from a string, a object that identifies a .NET Framework version, and a profile name.

A string that identifies a .NET Framework version. An object that contains .NET Framework version information. A profile name. is . is null.-or- is null.

Returns a value that indicates whether this instance represents the same .NET Framework version as a specified object.

true if every component of the current object matches the corresponding component of ; otherwise, false. The object to compare to the current instance.

Returns a value that indicates whether this instance represents the same .NET Framework version as a specified instance.

true if every component of the current object matches the corresponding component of ; otherwise, false. The object to compare to the current instance.

Gets the full name of this object.

The full name of this object.

Returns the hash code for the object.

A 32-bit signed integer that represents the hash code of this instance.

Gets the identifier of this object.

The identifier of this object.

Returns a value that indicates whether two objects represent the same .NET Framework version.

true if the and parameters represent the same .NET Framework version; otherwise, false. The first object to compare. The second object to compare.

Returns a value that indicates whether two objects represent different .NET Framework versions.

true if the and parameters represent different .NET Framework versions; otherwise, false. The first object to compare. The second object to compare.

Gets the profile name of this object.

The profile name of this object.

Returns the string representation of this object.

A string that represents this object.

Gets the version of this object.

An object that contains version information about this object.